Photo: BBC
NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy have announced plans to build a nuclear reactor on the Moon by 2030. The system is expected to become a key element of the Artemis program and future missions to Mars, providing a reliable power source during the long lunar nights when solar panels and batteries cannot ensure uninterrupted energy supply.
Under a new cooperation memorandum, the agencies will develop a fission surface power system capable of operating for years without refueling and generating at least 100 kW of power, enough to support a small lunar base. NASA has already engaged industry partners: Lockheed Martin, Westinghouse Electric, and a consortium led by Intuitive Machines and X-energy received $5 million contracts to explore potential designs.
The announcement coincides with regulatory changes at the Department of Energy, including the cancellation of the ALARA (“As Low As Reasonably Achievable”) principle, which previously required minimizing radiation exposure. Supporters argue the revision will cut costs and accelerate projects, while critics warn it could undermine safety standards and affect other programs, such as cleanup efforts at the Hanford site in Washington.
Financial markets reacted to the news: Lockheed Martin shares rose $6.84 to $558.30, BWX Technologies increased $4.02 to $210.54, while Intuitive Machines fell $1.63 to $17.57. The movement reflects growing investor interest in companies involved in nuclear initiatives.
Despite its ambitious scope, the project still faces uncertainties, including the lack of an official cost estimate, engineering challenges, launch preparation issues, and regulatory approvals. Experts caution that even with a clear timeline, delays remain possible, and recent DOE policy changes add further complexity to America’s nuclear ambitions in space.
